Why is it important to choose wooden dowels correctly

2025-12-11

The correctly selected diameter and length of wooden dowels determines not only the strength of the structure, but also its durability. Incorrectly selected dowels can cause weak joints, cracks or even collapse of the structure. Therefore, this article will help you understand how to correctly choose the dowel parameters based on the material, type of connection and load.

What are wooden dowels and what are they used for

Wooden dowels are round wooden rods designed for a strong connection between two or more wooden parts. They are widely used in furniture production, for fastening door and window frames and in various structures where a precise connection without visible fasteners is required.

Types of wooden dowel materials

The most commonly used types of wood:

Beech – strong and resistant to deformation.
Birch – flexible and easy to process.

Choosing the diameter of wooden dowels

Standard dowel diameters and their application:

The most common diameters are 5 mm, 6 mm, 8 mm, 10 mm and 12 mm.

5 and 6 mm – for small furniture, shelves, frames.
8 mm – for standard furniture joints.
10–12 mm – for massive structures or loaded elements.

How diameter affects strength and stability

The larger the diameter of the dowel, the stronger the connection. However, too large a diameter can strain the wood and cause cracks. It is optimal when the dowel fills about 70–80% of the hole diameter. For example, if you are using an 8 mm dowel, the hole should be 8.1–8.2 mm to leave room for glue but ensure tightness.

Choosing the length of wooden dowels

How to calculate the required length? The rule is simple: the dowel should enter both parts to be joined by approximately 50% of its length. For example, if you are joining two 20 mm thick parts, the optimal dowel length is 40 mm.

Commonly used lengths

25–40 mm – small furniture, shelves.
50–80 mm – standard furniture and door frames.
100+ mm – massive structures or outdoor products.

Practical tips for installing wooden dowels

Always use a drilling template and a depth stop. Apply a thin layer of glue both on the dowel and in the hole. Wipe off excess glue immediately.

How to avoid cracks and inaccurate joints:

Do not drill too close to the edge.
Do not use dowels that are too dry.
Make sure the dowel is fully inserted, but not pressed too hard.
A dowel that is too thin will not withstand the load, and one that is too thick may split or deform the structure.
The effect of the wrong length
A dowel that is too short will not provide sufficient support, and one that is too long may pierce the other side of the part or deform the joint.

Tools and accessories that make dowel installation easier

Useful tools:

Dowel jigs
Drill bits with stops
Rubber hammer
Clamps

How to properly store and care for wooden dowels

Wooden dowels should be stored in dry, ventilated rooms, away from heat sources. Humidity can change their diameter, so it is advisable to adapt them to the workshop climate before use.

Conclusion: a well-chosen dowel is a guarantee of a long-lasting construction

A properly selected diameter and length of a wooden dowel guarantees the stability, aesthetics and durability of the connection. By following these tips, you will avoid mistakes and ensure a professional result.

FAQ: frequently asked questions

What is the standard diameter of a dowel in furniture production?
The most commonly used diameter is 8 mm.
Can several smaller dowels be used instead of one large one?
Yes, if the connection requires it – the main thing is to maintain a proportional load.
Is it necessary to use glue when installing wooden dowels?
Yes, glue provides additional strength and prevents movement.
How to check if the hole is too big?
The dowel should enter firmly, but not by force. If it slides freely – the hole is too wide.
How long do wooden dowels need to be dried before use?
The recommended humidity is 8-10%. Drying takes from a few days to a few weeks.
Are dowels suitable for outdoor use?
Yes, if they are impregnated or made of resistant wood, such as oak

If you are unsure which dowels your project requires, feel free to contact us — we will review your application and help you choose the best solution.

Check out all our products and choose the most suitable for you: